Arizona State University researchers have discovered that lizards turn on at least 326 genes in specific regions of their growing tail, a finding that may yield important clues about how to regenerate limbs in humans, and even the spinal cord.
According to the journal PLOS ONE, among these genes there are some involved in embryonic development, response to hormonal signals and wound healing.
An interdisciplinary team of scientists used next-generation molecular and computer analysis tools to examine the genes turned on the regenerating tail of the green anole lizard (Anolis carolinensis).
According to researcher Kenro Kusumi “lizards are the most closely-related animals to humans that can regenerate entire appendages”.
“Regeneration is not an instant process,” said Elizabeth Hutchins, co-author of the paper. “In fact, it takes lizards more than 60 days to regenerate a functional tail. Lizards form a complex regenerating structure with cells growing into tissues at a number of sites along the tail.”
The authors hope their findings will help lead to discoveries of new therapeutic approaches to spinal cord injuries, repairing birth defects, and treating diseases such as arthritis. (PL)